Before the page could even be req
ue
sted, the netwo
rk addr
ess of
b
clary.com had to Escorts be looked up and a TCP co
nection
established. Note that on this satellite-based internet
connection, the time required was on the order of one
second. You can increase the page load
performance of your content by minimizing the number of DNS
look ups (the number of different machine names) required to load your content..
12 2.354632 192.168.1.100 bclary.com HTTP GET / HTTP/1.1 GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n Host: bclary.com\r\n User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8a4) Gecko/20040924\r\n Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5\r\n Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5\r\n Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate\r\n Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7\r\n Keep-Alive: 300\r\n Connection: keep-alive\r\n \r\n
Mozilla requested the URL . Note how Mozilla identifies itself, and begins negotiating with the web server by sending preferences for Content Types, Language, Encoding, Character Sets, and TCP connection. Note also that Mozilla did not have a copy of the document already in its cache when this request was made.
13 2.358182 bclary.com 192.168.1.100 TCP http > 1497 [ACK] Seq=1 Ack=385 Win=4096 Len=0 16 4.010677 bclary.com 192.168.1.100 HTTP HTTP/1.1 200 OK (application/xhtml+xml) HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n Date: Sun, 26 Sep 2004 03:44:17 GMT\r\n Server: Apache/1.3.31 (Unix) DAV/1.0.3 mod_gzip/1.3.26.1a PHP/4.3.5 mod_ssl/2.8.19 OpenSSL/0.9.6c\r\n Last-Modified: Tue, 21 Sep 2004 06:41:26 GMT\r\n ETag: "4f2e5d-29dc-414fcd16"\r\n Accept-Ranges: bytes\r\n Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=100\r\n Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n Content-Type: application/xhtml+xml\r\n Content-Encoding: gzip\r\n Content-Length: 3456\r\n \r\n 17 4.011942 bclary.com 192.168.1.100 HTTP Continuation 18 4.011966 192.168.1.100 bclary.com TCP 1497 > http [ACK] Seq=385 Ack=2841 Win=17040 Len=0 19 4.036299 192.168.1.100 bclary.com TCP 1498 > http [SYN] Seq=0 Ack=0 Win=16384 Len=0 MSS=1460 20 4.039000 bclary.com 192.168.1.100 TCP http > 1498 [SYN, ACK] Seq=0 Ack=1 Win=4096 Len=0 MSS=1420 21 4.039023 192.168.1.100 bclary.com TCP 1498 > http [ACK] Seq=1 Ack=1 Win=17040 Len=0
bclary.com responded with the HTTP headers and the contents of the document. Note how the web server gave the current date, the last time the document was modified, established a TCP connection which will be kept alive, and responded with a Content Type for XHTML and a gzipped compressed encoded version of the page. Note that since the retrieved document is compressed, Mozilla must wait for it to be fully downloaded before parsing the contents and issuing any additional requests for content which is referenced by the document.
22 4.039634 192.168.1.100 bclary.com HTTP GET /2004/07/21/style HTTP/1.1 GET /2004/07/21/style HTTP/1.1\r\n Host: bclary.com\r\n User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8a4) Gecko/20040924\r\n Accept: text/css,*/*;q=0.1\r\n Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5\r\n Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate\r\n Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7\r\n Keep-Alive: 300\r\n Connection: keep-alive\r\n Referer: \r\n \r\n 23 4.042358 bclary.com 192.168.1.100 TCP http > 1498 [ACK] Seq=1 Ack=349 Win=4096 Len=0 24 4.077165 bclary.com 192.168.1.100 HTTP Continuation 25 4.213129 192.168.1.100 bclary.com TCP 1497 > http [ACK] Seq=385 Ack=3850 Win=16031 Len=0 28 6.213411 bclary.com 192.168.1.100 HTTP HTTP/1.1 200 OK (text/css) HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n Date: Sun, 26 Sep 2004 03:44:20 GMT\r\n Server: Apache/1.3.31 (Unix) DAV/1.0.3 mod_gzip/1.3.26.1a PHP/4.3.5 mod_ssl/2.8.19 OpenSSL/0.9.6c\r\n Content-Location: style.css\r\n Vary: negotiate\r\n TCN: choice\r\n Last-Modified: Wed, 21 Jul 2004 14:01:17 GMT\r\n ETag: "be598-3d7-40fe772d;41427405"\r\n Accept-Ranges: bytes\r\n Content-Length: 983\r\n Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=100\r\n Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n Content-Type: text/css\r\n \r\n
Once the original document was downloaded and parsed, Mozilla was able to request the CSS style sheet which was referenced in the XHTML of the page. Mozilla had to wait for the full document to download before making the request because the document was compressed by the web server. This saved the bandwidth required to download the file, but forced Mozilla to wait to request the style sheet rather than parsing the document as it downloaded and immediately requesting the style sheet when it was referenced. Note that it took Mozilla almost 5 seconds to download the page and the referenced CSS file.
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